Apparatus for fabricating glassware



June 13, 19.33. v K E, PElLER 1,914,155

APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING ('LASSvf'ARIf."I

Filed Oct. 1, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 [n ven tor ifa/ fafa,

June 13, 1933. K. E. PEILER APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING GLASSWARE Filed oct. 1, 1929 @sheets-'sheet 2 fn ven for Lfa/zffez'az/ by@ VWA/MA Wz ess.

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June 13, 1933. K. E. PEILER APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING GLASSWARE 'Filed oct. 1, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Y2K/4M June 13, 1933. K. E PE|LER 1,914,155

APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING GLASSWARE Filed oct. 1, 1929, 6 shee'ts-sheet 4 df. s/m

June 13, 1933. K E PElLER 1,914,155

APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING GLASSWARE Filed Oct. l, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Horn qys.

Julule 13, 1933. K E FEHLER 1,914,155

APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING GLASSWARE Filed Oct. l, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 molds which are Patented `lune 13, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE KARL E. PEILER, 0F WEST HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO HARTFORD-EMPIRE COMPANY, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE APPARATUS FOR FABRICATING GLASSWARE Application filed October 1, 1929. Serial No. 396,443.

My invention relates to apparatus for forming glassware, and has particular relation to such apparatus wherein charges of glass for parisons are gathered by parison dipped into a-suitable poel of molten glass, and suction created therein to lill the molds.

The usual practice in the art of forming glassware by the suction method consists in revolving the parison molds past a gathering pool, and successively dipping them into the pool to gather charges, the parisons which are subsequently formed, being transferred to rotating finishing or blow molds, in which they are given their final shapes. While such a procedure is generally satisfactory for forming large quantities of glassware, it 1s not altogether economical because the cycles of operation of a parison mold and the companion finishing or blow mold usually take place at different times, necessitating prolonged periods of idleness of these molds. Such is the case particularly in the use of ,suction machines ot the one-table type. Moreover, the cost of such machines is apt to be prohibitive for manufacturing comparatively small quantities of glassware, because of their size, and complicated structure.

It is an object of my invention to provide novel apparat-us for producing glassware by the employment ot which I am enabled to produce glassware rapidly and efficiently in a comparatively simple and economical manner. propose to employ a novel suction forming machine of the reciprocating'type, which, while resembling in a general way machines which have been devised heretofore, such for example as that shown in the 0 patent to Roirant, No. 1,579,396 granted April 6, 1926, includes Jfeatures of novelty not heretofore contemplated.

Another object of my invention is to provide novel apparatus for forming glassware,

wherein a plurality of charges of glass for paris-ons are gathered simultaneously and plurality-of' previously formed parisons are simultaneously formed into completed articles in finishing molds, thereby permitting the rate of production of glassware to be greatly increased.

A further object of my invention is to provide novel apparatus for forming glassware, wherein the gathering of a charge of glass for a parison and the final shaping of a previously formed parison may be performed simultaneously and/or the movement of the newly formed parison toward a finishing mold to which it is transferred may be effected simultaneously with the movement of a completed article from the finishing mold to a delivery station. Thus, the rate of production of glassware is further increased and substantialeconomies are effected, because the periods of idleness of the parison and iinishing molds are thereby substantially reduced.

Another object of my invention is to provide novel apparatus of the above character in which the gathering of charges for parisons is effected by projecting a suction mold unit in a horizontal path toward the furnace or gathering pool, and moving the unit vertically downwards to dip the lower end of the mold into cont-act with the glass. In this manner, an even dipping of the mold unit is attained and the gathering of uniform charges may be effected in a novel and eiiicient manner.

A still` further object of my invention is to provide a novel apparatus for forming glassware whichincludes severing mechanism cooperating with the suction gathering molds to sever the charges of glass gathered thereby from the pool of glass and also serving as bottom plates for supporting the charges for preliminary blowing to positively form parisons.

v It also is an object of my invention to provide novel glassware forming apparatus including a reciprocating cover for enclosing the gathering pool between successive gathering operations to aid the reheating and reconditioning of the glass therein.

Another object of my invention is to providenovel apparatus for fabricating .glassware wherein the chilled portions of glass produced in the gathering pool by the gathering operations, are removed from the gathering Zone to provide a supply of fresh homogeneous glass for each gathering operation.

A further object of myinvention is to provide novel apparatus for fabricating glassware in the employment of which a parison forming unit which may include separate body and neck molds, first is moved toward a gathering station to gather a charge of glass, then is moved to a preliminary blowing station at which the charge of glass is supported from b-eneath, for preliminary blowing in the said unit, and thereafter is moved toward ra transfer station where the parison is transferred to a finishing mold. The parison forming unit may be so constructed and operated as to secure either joint or relative movements of the neck ring and body mold as may be necessary in effecting the gather- 1ng, preliminary blowing, and t-ransfer operations.

Other objects of my invention, including the provision of novel and different structural details and relationships, will be pointed out in the detailed description thereof .which follows, or will appear from such description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which;

Figure 1 is a view in vertical longitudinal sectional elevation of apparatus embodying my invention, showing various parts of the apparatus in the positions which they occupy at the time that the parison forming unit has been raised from the preliminary blowing station, and the removal of finished articles from the finishing mold by the take-out mechanism is about to be performed;

Fig. 2 is a view in vertical transverse sectional elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, and taken on the line 2`2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view in end elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1 when viewed from the right, certain parts being omitted for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view in vert-ical sectional elevation of a part of the mechanism 'shown in Fig. 1, showing particularly the gathering pool and the -suction parison unit, the parts of the apparatus being shown in gathering position; l

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view in vertical sectional elevation of.a further portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, illustrating the finishing mold, the parison mold, and the neck ring in the positions which they occupy near the end of the transfer operation, but prior to the removal of the neck ring from engagement with the finishing mold;

Fig. 6 is a View in transverse sectional elevationof a fragmentary portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 5 and taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a view in side elevation of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 6 viewed from the right of that figure, and showing the neck mold opening means;

Lerares Fig. 8 is a View in top plan of the finishing molds when in closed position;

Fig. 9 is a view in top plan of the cover and shear mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 1;

Fig. 10 is a view in vertical longitudinal section of a fragmentary portion of the cover for the gathering pool and the circulator supported thereby, and showing means for y limiting the upward movement of said circulator; and

Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view snowing the distribution of air in the mechanism of Figs. 1 to 10.

1n general, each cycle of operation of my novel apparatus may involve successively gathering charges of glass from a gathering pool, applying preliminary blowing air to the charges at a blowing station, moving the parisons toward finishing molds at a transfer station, while simultaneously moving previouslyforme'd ware from the finishing molds to a point of delivery, and transferring the newly formed parisons to the finishing molds. A plural mold parison forming unit may be provided to permit a number of charges to be gathered simultaneously, simultaneously formed into parisons, and simultaneously transferred to the finishing molds, in which they may be blown to final shape at the same time, and from which they may all be removed at one time and carried to the delivery station. The gathering and final blowing operations may be performed simultaneously and the period in which the charges are both gathered and subjected to preliminary blowing also may be coextensive with the period in which the parisons are blown to final shapes;

The parison forming unit may be mounted upon a carriage b v which it is moved rectilinearly between the gathering and transfer stations, and take-out mechanism also may be mounted on the mold carriage for horizontal' movement from the take-out position to the delivery station, so that the mold unit and take-out mechanism are moved simultaneously between their respective stations.

The mold unit may be so constructed and operated as to permit the body molds and neck molds thereof to be moved together during the gathering and parison forming operations and t'o carry the parisons to the finishing molds. But in transferring theparisons to the finishing molds, the body molds may be separated from neck molds, `from which the parisons are left suspended, the construction of the machine being such that the neck molds and parisons may be lowered through the open body molds into the finishing molds which are adapted to close about the parisons. The neck molds may then be opened, releasing the parisons, after which the neck molds and body molds may again be moved toward the gathering station for subsequent charge gathering and parison forming operations.

During the intervals between gathering operations, the gathering pool may be enclosed by a reciprocating cover. This cover may serve to support and operate an impeller or circulator, and shear blades for severing the charges of glass from the pool thereof. Thus, the enclosure ofthe pool, the severing of the glass, and the circulation of the glass, all may be effected simultaneously in response to the movement of the cover, and separate operating means for the severing mechanism and the circulator thereby eliminated. The shearing mechanism also may constitute bottom plates for supporting the mold charges for preliminar)7 blowing, and hence such supporting means may be moved toward operative position by the movement of the cover, simultaneously with the other operations produced by the movement of the cover.

Referring in detail to the drawings, it will be seen that the apparatus illustrated there-l in includes a. furnace designated generally 'at F, and having an extension for providing a gathering pool into which the bank of suction molds of the parison forming unit S are dipped to gather charges; and a machine which comprises a base l1 mounted on suitable whecls 12, said base carrying the suction mold unit S, the finishing or blow molds B, the blowhead mechanism H. the combined reciproca-ting cover, circulator, and shear unit C; the take-out mechanism designated generally at O; and mechanisms for operating the various parts of the machine together with an automatic timer T for suitably controlling the operations of the several parts of the machine in cyclic order.

The furnace construction The furnace F may be of the usual type, but preferably is provided with an extension 13, (Figs. 1, 2, and 9) adapted to contain a pool of glass into which the suction molds may dip to gather charges for parisons. The glass containing portions Aof the extension comprises a lining 14 of refractory material surrounded by insulating material 15 for preventing the dissipation of heat from the glass in the gathering pool. The extension is covered partially by an outwardly and downwardly inclined wall 16, the bottom of which terminates short of the level of the glass in the gathering pool. Thus, an elongated opening 17 is provided through which t-he parison molds may be projected into contact with the glass in the extension.

The cover of the unit C previously referred to, and to be described in greater detail hereinafter, is moved into a position to close the opening 17 between successive gathering operations ofthe parison mold units. In supplying glass to the gathering pool "'3 in the extension 13, I prefer to cause the incoming hot homogeneous glass to pass into the extension along the bottom thereof and thence upwardly to the gathering zone, and to circulate rearwardly from the gathering zone along the surface of the pool into the main body of glass in the furnace, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1. `To aid in obtaining such circulation, I mayrovide a submerged refractory block or sla 18, for

defining the channels through which the glass circulates. I also may provlde an 1mpeller or circulator as shown at 19, and car` ried by the cover for the gathering pool, for pushing the portions of glass chilled by the gathering and shearing operations away from the gathering Zone and rearwardly into the furnace. The construction and operation of the impeller or circulator 19 will be described later. The upward circulation of the glass toward the gathering Zone is enhanced by the insulating covering 15 which maintains the glass at high temperature and causes it to rise in the pool.

To further insure that the glass in the .eX- tension will be circulated in the desired manner, I also may provide additional circulators, such as a rotary impeller (not shown) which may be located at a suitable point in the extension for causing the chilled portions of glass to be circulated rearwardly into the furnace, and to induce the flow of hot homogeneous glass toward the gathering zone to replace the removed chilled portions.

The construction and operation of such an The suction parison mold units The bank of suction parison molds of the unit S are mounted upon a carriage 2O havmg wheels 21, which run on horizontal tracks 22, carried by the vertical webs or columns 23 arising fromthe base 11 of thev machine, previously referred to. In the construction shown, four parison molds are used, but this number may be varied as desired.

The length of the tracks 22 and the arrangements thereof are such that the bank of four similar suction parison molds supported thereby may be moved by the carriage rectilinearly and horizontally to and from a position above the gathering pool and to and from a position above the finishing molds B. Such movements of the carriage. and mold unit is effected by means of a piston 24, the rod 25 of which is suitably connected to the carriage, said piston being located in a cylinder 26, rigidly mounted on the framework of the machine. `Fluid pressure is alternately admitted to and exhausted nnpeller is disclosed in my copending appli.

` suitable source of pressure through the timer T (see Fig. 11),- Which serves to control the movements of the parison mold carriage intimed relation to the movements of the other parts of the machine.

The suction mold unit'is suspended froln the carriage 2() on the rod 28 of a piston 29 located in a cylinder 30. The cylinder 30 is fastened tothe forward end portion of the carriage 20 and is provided at its opposite ends withconduits 31 through which air under pressure may be alternately supplied to and exhausted from the A opposite sides of the piston through the timer T, at -suitable times, to effe-ct the vertical reciprocation of the unit. The rod 28 extends upwardly beyond the top of cylinder through a suitable stuffing box and is provided at its upper end with screw threads to receive adjustable stop nuts-32 by means of which the extent of dip of the mold unit may be regulated.

' The suction mold unit comprises divided body molds 33, cooperative divided neck molds 34 and a superposed suction and blow head structure 35. The sections of the'body "mold 33 are bolted to holders 36, as indicated at 37, Figs. 4 and Each of the holders 36 is mounted on the lower ends of a pair of spaced depending levers or arms 38 and .39. The levers are pivoted near their upper ends respectively on spaced shafts 40 and 41 journaled in downwardly projecting ears in the bottom end of a cylinder 42 which cylinder is slidably mounted between guides 42a formed on the carriage 20, Figs. 1 and 4, and suspended'from the piston rod 28.

In opening and closing, the sections 33 of the body mold swing about the axes of the shafts'40 and 41. The joints between the molds lie in a vertical plane perpendicular to the direction of travel of the carriage 20. The opening and closing of the body molds is effected by means of a piston 43, mounted in a cylinder 44 secured to the carriage 20, as is clearly shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5. Connected to the end of the rod 45 of the piston 43, is a hook 46, the slotted opening of which faces downwardly. When the parison mold unit is raised to its uppermost position by the admission of fluid pressure to the bottom of cylinder 30, and beneath the piston 29, a transverse rod 47 carried by lugs 48 formed on the depending levers 39, enters the opening in the hook 46, thus operatively connecting the piston 43 and the body mold mechanism to permit opening and `closing the body molds, which may be accomplished by alternately admitting and exhausting fluid pres-- sure to and from the opposite ends of the cylinder through conduits 44a (Fig. 11) of the timer T, as will be understood.

It will be observed that the motion of the piston 43 is applied directly only to the levers 39. In order to also transmit motion to the levers 38, angular links 49 are interposed between'the levers 38 and 39, Figs. 1, 2 and 5. Lmks 49 are pivotally connected at their upper ends to the levers 39 as indicated at 50, labove the shaft 41,' and are` pivotally connected at their lower ends to the levers 38 below the shaft 40, as indicated at 51. EX- tending upwardly from the elbows of the links 49 are arms 52. Tension springs 53 are connected at their outer ends to the upper ends of arms 52 and at their inner ends to lugs or ears 54 formed on the opposite sides of cylinder 42. The springs 53 yieldingly hold the body molds closed.

The lugs 54 have vertical openings therein to receive guide rods 55 connected at their bottom ends to the head structure 35, previously referred to, Figs. 2, 4, and 5. The guide rods 55 maintain the head structure, and neck molds in alignment with the body molds, and in ltrue vertical positions for alignment with the finishing molds.

The head structure 35 and neck molds 34 are supported by a piston rod 56 of a piston 57, located in cylinder 42, Fig. 1. When the body molds are open, the neck molds and head structure may be raised or lowered relative to the body molds by the alternate admission and exhaust of fluid pressure to and from the spaces' beneath or above piston 57. Such admission and exhaust of fluid pressure may be controlled by timer T, from which conduits 57a extend to cylinder 42 as shown in Fig. 1l.

The head structure 35 comprises an elongated'transverse box-like member having a plurality of piston chambers 58 formed therein, which chambers are closed by a cover 59, Fig. 4. Only one of said chambers is shown. Mounted in each of the chambers 58 is a. piston 60 which carries a neck pin or plunger 61. The piston and plunger normally is held in retracted position by means of a compression spring 62, which encircles therod 63 of the piston, said rod extending upwardly through the cover 59, and the said spring bearing against an adjustable stop nut provided on the upper end of the rod 63.

The upper surfaces of the pistons 6() are exposed to the atmosphere while the bottom surfaces are alternately subjected at selected times to vacuum and blowing pressure which may be applied to the head and neck ring and parison molds by way of conduits 64 from sources of supply controlled by the timer T. The stemof the neck pin or plunger 61 may be provided with suitable grooves to permit communication between the mold cavity and the passage 64 when the pin is in its lowermost position.

By this arrangement a proper control of theV application of vacuum to the mold may be had and the pin automatically operated inV the desired manner at suitable times. When vacuum is first applied the neck pin is in raised positioncreati'ng a relatively large communicating passage between the source of vacuum and the mold cavity which permits rapid filling of the mold during the first portion of the gathering process. The application of vacuum, however, causes an overbalance of the pressures on the two sides of the piston and the neck pin'moves downwardly into its cavity forming position, and in so moving reduces the size of the passage through which the vacuum is created. the glass is quickly raised by the more rapidly created vacuum and is thereafter held as it sets in the neck ring and mold by less rapidly created vacuum. J

At suitable times the vacuum is discontinued and blowing pressure is admitted through passage 64 in the head 35 to blow the glass into parison form against the walls of the parison mold and the bottom plate. As this pressure is applied the pressures on the two sides of the piston ,GO are reversed and the neck pin rises, withdrawing the pin from the glass and again varying the size of the passage through which the pressure air is now being applied. As illustrated in Fig. 11, pressure conduit p and vacuum line n, which are connected to timer T, may extend to and through a conventional two-way valve 64d, which valve is adapted to place said conduits in communication with conduits 64 alternatcly in response to flow and exhaust of air through conduit p which operates the valve in conjunction with a spring. However, the beginning and ending of vacuum. and pressure in lines 'v and p is determined by timer T.

Formed in the head structure 85, are a pair of openings 64a adapted to receive pins 64b, Figs. 5 and 6. These pins project downwardly from the bottom of the head structure and are spaced to fit in equally spaced holes 640 provided i tops of the two outer finishing molds, when the head structure is placed in engagement with the said molds. As a resuit, the neck molds and parisons are properly aligned with the finishing molds and injury to the parisons in transferring them is thereby obviated.

The sections of the neck molds are bolted, as shown, to holders 65, Figs. 4 and 5. Pairs of links 66 pivot-ally connected at their upper ends to the opposite ends of the blow head structure, as indicated at 67, are pivotally connected at their lower ends to the holders (S5 by pins (i8 provided on the holders. The pins (S8 extend through elongated slots 69 formed in the lower ends of said links. Tension springs 70 are interposed between the opposite ends of the blow head structure and the neck mold holders, as shown, for yieldingly holding the holders and neck molds in sliding engagement with the bottom of the head structure. Thus, the neck molds may be opened by separating the neck mold holders horizontally, as will appear hereinafter.

Thus

The upper ends of the suction body molds 33 are recessed as indicated at 71, Fig. 4, to receive the bottoms of the neck molds. As a result, when the body molds are closed, they serve to hold the neck molds closed, and to further insure that the neck molds will be maintained in alignment with the body molds. i

The cover, crculator, and shear unit Proceeding now with the description of the nnit C previously referred to, the cover p0rtion 74 thereof comprises a metallic frame consisting of a top plate 7 5, the inner edge of which is turned downwardly as indicated at 76. Bolted to the outer edge of the plate 75 is an angular supporting strip 77, joined at its ends to side strips or supports 78. Interposed between the down-turned portion 76, the angular member 77 and end members 78,

'is a slab 79 of refractory material.

nected by linkage to one of the parallel links 80, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9. Fluid pressure is alternately admitted to and exhausted from the opposite ends of the cylinder 88 through conduits 8G which may lead from suitable valve mechanism controlled by the timer T (Fig. 11), thus reciprocating the cover for the gathering pool in timed relation to the movements of the gathering unit.

Mounted at spaced intervals upon the top of the cover are shear blades 87, there being one blade for each mold, (Figs. 1, 4 and 9). These shear blades are pivoted on the cover near their centers as indicated at 88, Fig. 4. The said blades are yieldingly held in slightly upwardly inclined positions by tension springs 89 connected between the outer ends of the said blades, and lugs 90provided on the outer edge of the metallic angular member 77, previously referred to. Shearing or cutting portions 91 of the blades are removably secured to the body portions thereof by screws and their cutting edges extend at angles of approximately 10o with the edge of the cover to prevent the shear blades from being caught between the joints of the body molds during the shearing operation, and to prevent the formation of shear marks on the charges. The shear blades being carried by the cover, it will be seen that when the parison mold units are elevated to the desired height, and the cover is moved toward closed position, the shear blades will sever the glass in the supply from the charges in the molds. 1f desired the cutting portions 91 may be V-shape. y

Rectangular recesses 92 are formed in the body portion of the shears back of the cutting portion to receive the bottoms of the body molds, segmental portions of the bottoms of said molds being removed to form parallel sides 93 thereon, Fig. 4, so that the molds fit the recesses. Thus, after the charges have been severed from the glass in the gathering pool, the parison mold units may be lowered to insert the bottoms of the molds into the recesses 92, and while the charges in the molds are thus supported by the shear bladesv` which serve as bottom plates, blowing air may be admitted through the conduits 64 in the head'structure, to compact the charges and to enlarge the cavities already formed therein by the neck pins, and to thus positively form the parisons. It will be apparent that the recesses 92 in the bodies of the shears lock the parison molds closed when the bottoms of the molds are in the recesses.

As previously stated, the cover is adapted to support the impeller or circulator 19. The circulator 19 may be of hollow construction, as shown, to permit a cooling medium to be circulated therethrough, Figs. 4 and 10. Such circulator is substantially flat, being supported by a pair of levers 95 in sliding engagement with the face of the downturned portion 76 of the cover plate 75, for vertical movement. The levers 95 are pivotally connected to the ends of the impeller and, in turn, are supported by pivots 96 mounted in lugs 97 arising from the cover plate 75.

The circulator 19 is yieldingly held out oi? contact with the glass in the pool by tension springs 98 interposed between levers 95 and cover plate 75, as shown in Fig. 4. Upward movement of the circulator is limit-ed by an adjustable stop screw 98a carried by a lug 98o, bolted to the front edge of the cover, Figs. 9 and 10. At their inner ends, levers 95 carry rollers 99. Upon movement of the cover 74 toward closed position, rollers 99 ride up inclined latches 100 pivoted to brackets 101 adjustably secured to the webs 23 of the frame of the machine, only one of such latches and brackets being shown. Each of the latches is prevented from moving downwardly by a pin 102 provided on the bracket 101. Each ofthe brackets also carries a horizontal cam member 103having a downwardly inclined end, the rollers 99 also traveling along said members during the movement of the cover toward closed position. As a rcsult of this construction, the rearward ends of levers 95 will be elevated to dip the circulator 19 into the glass as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 4. which then pushes the chilled glass backwardly into the furnace and assists the flow of hot glass from the bottom of the pool, upwardly toward the gathering Zone.

As the cover reaches the end of its travel, rollers 99 will leave cam members 103 and the levers will be restored to horizontal positions by springs 98, thus elevating the circulator out of contact with the glass. Upon movement of the cover toward open position, the levers will not be elevated because rollers 99 will pass beneath cam members 103, and will merely swing latches 100 upwardly about their pivots. Therefore, the circulator is held out of contact with the glass by springs 98 as the cover moves to open position.

The blow mold construction The blow molds are stationarily mounted upon a box-like supporting structure secured to the base of the machine. Said structure includes a bottom 105 bolted to the base of the machine, sides 106 and a top 107 bolted to the sides 106. Formed on the top 107 of the supporting structure are centrally located upstanding lugs, 108, in which is journaled a shaft 109 upon which shaft the downwardly and inwardly extending `arms 110 of the mold holders 111 are rotatably mounted, Figs. 1, 3 and (i. The holders 111 carry the cooperative sections 112 of the iinishing molds, Fig. 8. The arms 110 of the holders are arranged in staggered or offset relation to each other, as is clearly shown in Fig. 8.

The lugs 108 are provided with upwardly projecting portions 114 to which is secured a transverse bar 115 which carries bottom plates 116, which bottom plates are inclosed by recesses in the mold sections when the finishing molds are closed, as will be understood. When the finishing molds are opened, the bottom plates serve to support the completed articles to permit them to be removed from the finishing molds by the takeout mechanism O.

For opening and closing the finishing molds, a vertically movable yoke 117 is provided, the arms 118 of said yoke extending upwardly through openings formed in the top 107 of the supporting structure, for engagement with outer sides of the mold holders 111, Figs. 1 and 5. The arms 118 of the yoke engage guides 119 formed on brackets 120 secured to the top 107 of the supporting structure. The upper ends of the arms 118 have inwardly and downwardly extending faces 121 and 121@ for engaging projections 122 formed on the holders 111. The projections 122 also have downwardly and inwardly inclined faces 122e. The faces of the arms 118 and of the projections 122 may consist of Babbitt metal, or the like. for rcducing friction.

Upward movement of the yoke member forces the sections of the finishing mold toether, the oints of the molds being located 1n a vertical plane parallel to the plane of the joints of the parison molds. Downward movement of the yoke member permits the finishing molds to open by gravity, the sections of the molds swinging apart about the axis of the shaft 109. The upward and downward movements of the yoke member are effected by means of a piston 125 located in a cylinder 126, the piston being connected to the yoke member by its rod 127 which extends upwardly through a suitable stuliing box provided on the upper piston head, and is connected to the center 0r vthe yoke member, as shown. The yoke member 117 is moved upwardly or downwardly by the alternate admission and exhaust of fluid pressure to or from the spaces beneath or above the piston 125, through conduits 128 which may lead from the timer mechanism T. In-

order to insure opening of the finishing molds at the appropriate times` inwardly projecting pins 129 are provided on the arms 118 of the yoke member for engagement, Aupon downward movement of the yoke member,

with laterally projecting p ins 130 provided on the arms 110 of the mold holders, Figs. 1 and 5.

The neck molol opening device The means for opening the neck mold when theparisons supported thereby have been inclosed by the finishing mold includes a piston 131 located in a cylinder 132 secured to the rear web or support 23 of the machine, Figs. 3, 6, and 7. The rod 133 of the pist-on is connected to an inwardly extending meinher 134 which projects through an opening in the web 23, and has an upwardly extending wedge 135 formed thereon. This wedge is adapted to enter the space between rollers 136 carried on the ends of the neck mold holders, to spread the neck molds apart. Upon removal of the wedge from engagen ment with the rollers, the neck molds are closed together by the springs '70, previously referred to. Reciprocation of the wedge member is effected at appropriate times by the admission and exhaust of fluid pressure to and from the ends of the cylinder 132 through conduits 137, which may be connected to a suitable source of air pressure through timer T.

The blow head mechanism The blow head mechanism for blowing the parisons to final shapes in the finishing molds comprises a plurality of blow heads stems 143 are encircled by compression springs 143e interposed between the blow heads and their supporting arms, thereby providing yielding connections between the blow heads and said arms. The ends of the stems of the blow head are provided with adjustable stop nuts 144.

The shaft 142 is suitably journaled at its ends in bearings 145 mounted on the webs or supports 23, and is supported at its center by a bearing formed in an extension 146 of the outer bracket 120, previously referred to. The blow heads are moved into and out of engagement with the tops of the finishing molds when the molds are closed, by oscillation ofthe shaft 142. Such oscillation of the shaft is procured by a gear 147 rigidly secured thereto, with which gear meshes a sector gear 148 mounted on a stub shaft 149 secured to the rear web or support 23. Pivotally connected to the sector gear 148 is a link 150 which in turn is pivotally connected to an arm of a bell crank lever 151, pivoted at 152 to the rear support 23. To the other arm of the bell crank lever 151 is connected timed relation to the operations of the other parts of the machine.

The takeout mechanism The takeout mechanism comprises a plurality of pairs of tongs 160. The cooperative members of the tongs a`re carried respectively by shafts 161 and 161e journaled in a support 162. Each pair of tongs members are. prevented from engaging the neck of the completed article too tightly by stops 163, there being one stop associated with each tongs member so that the opposing ends of each pair of stops abut each other when the tongs are closed.

Adjustably connected to the center of the' support 162 is a rod 164 of a piston 165 located in a cylinder 166. This cylinder 166 is rigidly bolted to the end of the carriage 20, as shown, so that tongs move with said carriage.

To raise and lowerthe tongs, iuid pressure may be admitted and exhausted alternately to and from the opposite ends of the completed articles in the finishing molds,-

and thenraised to remove the articles from I the molds.

l movements of the carriage serve to carry the completed articles toward a. takeout table or conveyor, designated generally at 168 where the tongs may be opened to deliver the ware thereto, and to return the tongs to takeout position, simultaneously with the movements of the mold unit between its stations. The tongs are yieldingly held closed or opened by springs 169. The `ends of these springs are connected to the tongs members at points laterally offset from the axes of shafts 161 so that when the tongs are opened and closed, the springs approach and pass dead centers and operate the tongs with a snap action. l

For opening and closing the tongs, a lever 170 is rigidly secured by its hub to shaft 161er, to directly oscillatc said shaft, oscillation being imparted to the other of said shafts through the medium of pairs of intermeshing gears 171 secured to the ends of shafts 161 and 161e. rIhe tongs are closed by engagement of a rearwardly extending' lug 17001, on the free end of the lever 170, with a forwardly projecting stop 172 adjustably secured to the rear support 23 of the machine, Figs. 1 and 3. The stop 172 is so located that after the takeout tongs have been moved into alignment with the completed articles in the linishing mold, and then are moved downwardly as previously described, the lug 170a will strike the st-op 172 and the tongs will be closed with a snap action about the necks of the completed articles in the finishing molds.

Connected to the tongs support 162 near the ends thereof are rods 174 which extend upwardly through guide lugs 175 projecting from the sides of the cylinder 166. At their upper ends, the rods 174 are connected by a cross bar 176 adjustablv secured thereto by nuts 1760i as shown. lVhen the carriage 20 is moved to the right, looking at Fig. 1, the cross bar 176 ismoved into a position above the top of a support 177 carried by a transverse member 178, the ends of which member are secured to the rails which support the carriage 20. After reaching such position, the tongs mechanism may be lowered to bring the bar 176 into engagement with the support 177. The bar is shown in engagement with the support in dotted lines, F ig. l. Thus the tongs are held at the desired height above the takeout table or conveyor 168, and such height may be varied according to thel height of the glassware and/or of the conveyor, by the adjustment of bar 176 on rods 174.

For opening the tongs when they arrive at the delivery station, an arm 179 is formed on the hub of lever 176, secured to the shaft 161e, Figs. 1 and 3. This arm carries a rearwardly projecting pin 179a which strikes a forwardly projecting portion 180 of a bracket 181 secured tothe rear side of the cylinder 26 (Figs. 1 and 3) when the tongs are lowered at the delivery station int-o the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, as previously described. The bracket 181 may be adj ustably secured to said cylinder by bolts indicated at 182, which extend through slots in said bracket. lVhen the pin 179a on arm 179 strikes lug 180, the opening of the tongs is effected witha snap action by the springs 169, as previously described, releasing the ware and depositing it upon the takeout table or conveyor 168.

The timer mechanism (T) The timer mechanism T which controls the fiow of fluid pressure to and from the various air cylinders, the application of vacuum and preliminary blowing air to the parison molds. aud the introduction of final blowing air into the finishing molds, may be of any suitable construction, such for example as that shown in U. S. Patent No. 1,843,159, granted February 2, 1992 to Henry W. Ingle. Such mechanism is provided with individual valves which are controlled in such manner as to coordinate the operations of the various parts of the machine in the desired cyclic order. l have not undertaken to illustrate the details of construction of said timer mechanism, because they do not per se form any part of the present invention and may readily be provided by one skilled in the art.

Operation From the foregoing, it will be seen that as the mold carriage 20 is moved intermittently toward the gathering station by piston 24, the parison mold unit and the takeout mechanism will be simultaneously moved to their respective stations. In the meantime, the cover for the gathering pool is moved to open position to expose the glass in the pool, whereupon the mold unit is lowered vertically into Contact with the glass in the pool through the operation of the piston 29.

Suction being applied to the cavities of the parison molds, the charges are simultaneously gathered therein, and the neck pins are simultaneously projected downwardly to form initial blowing cavities in the charges. The mold unit is thereupon elevated out of contact with the glass to a sufiicient height to permit the cover for the gathering pool to be moved to closed position. Upon such movement of the cover, the strings of glass will be severed from the mold charges by the shear blades mounted on the cover, and the chilled glass will be pushed rearwardly into the furnace by the circulator. When the cover has attained closed position, the mold unit may be lowered to bring the bottoms of the blank or body molds into engagement with the recesses in the shear blades, and air admitted tothe neck and body molds through the head structure, to compact the charges and to enfrom the bottom plates,

large the blowing cavities or bubbles therein. Upon completion of this step in the operation, the parison mold unit may again be elevated by piston 29 to disengage the molds and if desired, held in such position for a period sufiicient to chill the parisons to the desired extent.

During the formation of the parisons, the takeout tongs will have operated to engage the previously formed articles in the finishing molds. The tongs are then elevated by piston 165 to lift the articles out of the finishing molds. The raising of the takeout mechanism may occur prior or subsequent to, or simultaneously with, the raising of the parison mold unit from the preliminary blowing station. At this time the carriage 2() is moved to the right looking at Figures 1 and 4, the parisons in the parison molds, and the completed articles thereby being simultaneously moved respectively to the transfer station,

- the neck mold opening means,

" opening and to the delivery station.

As the parison mold unit moves toward the transfer station, the body molds may be opened by the operation of piston 34. This will leave the parisons suspended from the neck molds which thereupon are brought into vertical alignment with the finishing molds. At the same time, the takeout tongs and the completed articles supported thereby will reach positions above the takeout table or conveyor, and the tongs will be lowered and opened to discharge the ware on the takeout table or conveyor. When the neck molds and parisons carried thereby have come into alignment with the finishing molds, piston 5.7 operates to move the neck molds and the parisons downwardly between the sections of the body molds into position to permit the par1- sons to be enclosed by the finishing molds. The finishing molds being closed by the upward movement of piston 125 vand yoke 117, the neck molds may be opened through the upward movement of the. piston 131 and the wedge member 136 carrled thereby, whlch serves to separate the sections or the neck molds as already described.

iid-After the neck molds are opened, fluid lpressure is admitted beneath piston 57 to raise the neck `molds and head out of engagement with the finishing molds and with the neck mold means then being lowered. The last-named operation permits the neck molds f to be closed. The parison mold unit now 1s ready to be moved once more to the gathering station. As will be understood, the takeout mechanism will simultaneously be moved into vertical alignment with the finishing molds as theparison mold unit is moved to the gathering station.

Upon removal of the neck molds from engagement with the finishing molds, the blow heads 140 are oscillated a out the axis of the shaft 142 by the operation of piston movement 154 to bring them into engagement With the tops of the finishing molds. Fluid pressure then is admitted through the blow heads to simultaneously blowthe parisons in the fin ishing molds to final shapes. While the final blo-wing of the parisons in the finishing molds is being accomplished, the parison forming unit may be held above the gathering pool with the body molds open to permit them to cool, after which the molds are closed und charges oi glass are gathered and formed into parisons, as previously described. Upon completion of the blowing operation, the finishing molds are opened by the lowering of piston 1:25 and yoke 177 which permits the sections of the molds to swing apart by gravity, leaving the completed articles supported by the bottom plates. The articles are then engaged by the takeout mechanism and raised from the finishing molds as already described.

It is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction of my novel apparatus, and in the steps of my novel method, .without departing from the invention as defined in the appended claims, and while I have chosen to illustrate and describe my method as susceptible to being practiced by the apparatus illustrated herein, it will be understood that it may be practiced by other Jforms of apparatus than that which is shown and described.

I do not claim per se as my invention the specific circulator nor the specific arrangement of circulator, cover plates and shears, as these specific details of structure and arrangement are the inventions of Algy J. Smith and are claimed in his copending application Ser. No. 479,67 6 filed September 4, 1930. Nor do I claim per se the feature of simultaneously transferring a parison and taking out a finished article by unitary means, as this feature is also the invention of vAlgy J. Smith and is broadly claimed in his U. S. Patent No. 1,833,623, granted November 24, 1931.

I do, however, claim as my invention the novel combinations and sub-combinations of the apparatus shown going to form the complete machine. p

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim and secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Apparatus for fabricating glassware comprising a parison forming unit, means for lowering and raising said unit in a vertical plane into and out of Contact with a pool of glass to gather a charge of glass therein by suction, means for moving a support for the charge into the plane of vertical of said mold after it has been raised, means for actuating said first-named means to lower and raise the unit into and out of engagement with said supportwherebypreliminary blowing pressure may be applied to the charge confined in said unit, means for holding said unit in the vertical plane of its initial upward movement during its subsequent lowering and raising movements, and means for holding said support stationary until the nal upward movement of said unit.

2. In apparatus for fabricating glassware, the combination of a parison forming unit including a divided body mold and a divided neck mold, a piston connected to said unit, said piston being located in 'a cylinder and being adapted to raise and lower said unit, means for opening and closing the body mold, and a piston connected to the neck mold, said piston being adapted to raise and lower the neck mold relative to the body mold when the body mold is open, and being disposed in axial alignment with the axis of the first named piston.

3. Apparatus for fabricating glassware, comprising a parison forming unit, means for reciprocating said unit between a gathering station and a transfer station, a finishing mold located at the transfer' station, and takeout mechanism connected to the parison mold reciprocating means for removing finished glassware from the finishing mold.

4. Apparatus for `fabricating glassware, comprising takeout mechanism fior removing an article of glassware from a finishing mold, means for moving said mechanism between the finishing mold and a delivery station, means for raising and lowering said mechanism, and means located at the delivery station for holding said mechanism in raised position.

5. In apparatus for fabricating glassware, the combination of a container for a pool of glass, a sectional finishing mold positioned laterally of the container, a mold carriage, a parison forming unit depending from said carriage, means for reciprocating said carriage to move said unit alternately over the gathering pool and finishing mold, said parison forming unit including a parison mold and a neck mold divided in a vertical plane transverse to the path of reciprocation of said unit, said finishing mold being divided in a vertical plane parallel to the plane of division of the parison mold, means on said carriage for vertically reciprocating said unit over the gathering pool, and means permanently connected to the last-named means and with the carriage for reciprocating the neck mold over the finishing mold, independently of the parison mold.

' 6. Apparatus for forming glassware, comprising a stationary base, a plurality of finishing molds mounted in a line thereon, a plurality of blow heads for admitting blowing air into said finishing molds, said blow heads being mounted at intervals on a transverse rock shaft journ aled in said frame, and means for oscillating said shaft to simultaneously move said blow heads into and out of engagement with the finishing molds.

7. Apparatus for forming glassware com-- prising a parison forming unit including a parison mold and a neck mold, a container for a gathering pool, a finishing mold positioned laterally of, and at least partially above the bottom of, the container, a bottom closure for the parison mold, means for holding said unit above the gathering pool for movement in a vertical path, mechanism for lowering said unit through said path into contact with the pool to gather a charge for a parison in said unit, means for actuating said mechanism to raise said unit in said path to position the bottom thereof in a severing plane, glass severing means for disconnecting the charge from the pool when the unit is so positioned, means for moving the bottom closure into the path of vertical movement of said unit, means for actuating said mechanism to lower the unit in saidpath into engagement with the bottom closure to support the charge for blowing into a parison, means for actuating said mechanism to raise said unit in said path clear of the bottom closure, and means for transferring a parison from the parison mold to the finishing mold including means for bodily moving the neck mold relative to the parison mold, and means for opening the neck mold to release the parison in the finishing mold.

8. Apparatus for fabricating glassware comprising a parison forming unit, a containcr for a gathering pool, a finishing mold positioned laterally of said container, means for moving said unit laterally to and from positions over the gathering pool and finishing mold respectively, a bottom closure for the parison forming unit, means for reciprocating said unit in a vertical path above the gathering pool including meansfor lowering and raising said unit into and out of contact with the pool to gather a charge of glass for a parison, and means for lowering and raising said unit into and out of engagement with the bottom closure to support the charge for blowing into a parison, means formoving the bottom closure into and out of the initial vertical path of movement of the paril son forming unit for engagement thereby, and means for transferring a parison from the parison forming unit to the finishing mold.

9. Apparatus for forming glassware comprising a mold carriage, means for mounting said carri age for reciprocation. a parison forming unit depending from said carriage, a container. for a pool of glass, a finishing mold positioned laterally of the container. means for reciprocating said carriage to move the parison forming unit into and out of positions over the gathering pool and the finishing mold respectively, and for causing said unit to dwell in such positions, and means i held by said carriage for reciprocating said unit in a vertical path above the gathering pool, said last-named means constituting means for supporting said unit on said earriage. Y

10. Apparatus for forming glassware comprising a mold carriage, means for mounting said carriage for reciprocation, a parison forming unit on said carriage including a parison mold and a neck mold, a container for a pool of glass, a finishing mold positioned laterally of the container, means for operating said carriage to position said unit alternately above said pool and said finishing mold and to cause said unit to dwell in such positions respectively, means held by said carriage for vertically reciprocating said unit over said pool, and means carried by and permanently connected to the last-named means for verticallyv reciprocating the neck mold over the finishing mold.

11. Apparatus for forming glassware comprising a mold carriage, means for mounting said carriage for reciprocation, a parison forming unit on said carriage including a parison'mold and a neck mold, a container for a pool of glass, a finishing mold positioned laterally of the container, means for reciprocating said carriage to position said unit alternately over said pool and finishing mold and to cause said unit to dwell in such positions respectively, a cylinder on said carrier having a piston therein, means including a cylinder for connecting the parison mold to the carriage, a piston in the last-named cylinder connected to the neck mold, means for actuating the first-named piston to jointly raise and lower the parison forming unit into land out of contact with said pool, and means for actuating the second-named piston to raise and lower the neck mold independently of the parison mold to transfer a parison from the parison mold to the finishing mold.

12. Apparatus for forming glassware comprising a mold carriage, a container for a pool of glass a parison forming unit on said carriage including a parison mold and a neck mold, means for actuating said carri age to move said unit toward and away from a position over said pool, an air motor supported by said carriage for moving said unit into and out of contact with said pool, a second air motor supported by the first air motor for reciprocating said neck mold relative to said parison mold,`means for opening and closing said parison mold, and means for opening and closing said neck mold.

13. Apparatus for forming comprising a container for a pool of glass, a parison fonming unit including a plurality of parison molds arranged in a straight row and a plurality of neck molds adapted to be superposed on the parison molds, mechanism for vert1cally reciprocating said unit in a glasswarevertical path toward and away from the pool to gather charges for parisons in the molds from the surface of the pool, said parison and neck molds being so divided that their joints all lie in a common plane, a single pair of holders for said parison molds, means fonsuspcnding said holders from said mechanism, a single pair of holders for the neck molds, a suction head, means permanently connecting the neck mold holders and suction head, means for maintaining the parison and neck molds vertically upright at all times, a finishing mold unit positioned. latcraly of the container and comprisingr a row of finishing molds divided in a plane parallel tothe plane. ot division ot' the parison molds, and means for simultaneously transferring a plurality of parisons from the parison molds to the finishing moldsl including means for opening the parison molds to leave parisons vertically suspended from the neck molds, actuating means connected to the suction head 'for removing the parisons from between the parison mold sections and for lowering them into the finishing molds while vertically suspended, means for closing the finishing molds about the parisons, means for laterally separating the opposed neck mold sections equal distances from each other to release the parisons in the finishing molds, and a plurality of blowheads for blowing the parisons to final form in the finishing molds, in dcpendcntly of the neck molds.

la. Apparatus according to claim 13 including means' for reciprocating said parison forming unit into and out of positions over the gathering pool and finishing mold unit.

15. Apparatus according to claim 13 including a plurality of bottom closures for the parison molds, means for simultaneously moving said closures into and out of operative position in the vertical path of travel of the parison forming unit, and means for causing the parison molds to be reciprocated in such path into and out of engagement with said closures.

16. In apparatus for fabricating glassware, the combination of a container for a pool of molten glass, a parison forming unit including a row of parison molds and a row of neck molds, means for holding said neck and parison molds in assembled relation, said neck and parison molds being so divided that the oints thereof all lie in a common vertical plane when the neck and parison molds are in assembled relation, a pair of holders for, and common to all of, said parison molds, a pair of holders for, and common to all of, said neck molds, means for reciprcating said unit vertically above said pool of glass to gather charges for parisons from the surface of the poolin the molds of said unit, bottom closures for the parison molds, means for moving said closures into and out of operative position in the vertical paths of travel of the parison molds, means for actuating said unit reciprocating means to move the parison molds into and out of engagement with the bottom closures when the closures are in operative position, to support the charges for blowing into parisons, a finishing mold unit including a plurality of sectional finishing molds divided in a vertical plane parallel to the plane of the parison mold joints, means for simultaneously transferring a plurality of parisons from the parison molds to the finishing molds including means for opening said parison molds equal distances to leave the parisons suspended from the neck molds between. the sections of the parison molds, means for simultaneously actuating the neck molds independently of the parison molds to remove the parisons from between the sections ofthe parison molds and to lower them into position between the sections of the finishing molds, means for closing the finishing molds, means for opening the neck molds equal distances to release the parisons in the finishing molds simultaneously, means for operating the neck mold actuating means to return the neck molds into engagement with the parlson molds for subsequent operation therewith, a plurality of blowheads, and means for engaging said blowheads and finishing molds to blow the parisons to final form independently of the neck molds.

Signed at Hartford, Connecticut this 18th day of September, 1929.

KARL E. PEILER. 

